5 Axis CNC Machining

Considerations When Choosing a 5 Axis CNC Machining

 

Enough CNC processing power
It must be ensured that the processing power of a CNC control is great enough to calculate, control and compute the number of axes utilized at the same time.

Match look ahead function to machine type
Look ahead function for a four plus one (4+1) axes machine must be 200 blocks minimum. For more complicated 4-axis machine sequences, 400 blocks are better. For a full five axis simultaneous procedure, a faster calculation CNC control is needed. This could be a 1000 blocks voluntary look ahead function, offering extremely high calculation speeds.

Sufficient rigidity and power of machine spindle
Sufficient rigidity and power of the machine spindle are both pertinent factors and are at times overlooked. Nevertheless, a powerful spindle needs an even more firm mechanical design’s support. To ensure error-free and smooth cutting, the heart of the five axis CNC machining center which is the machine spindle needs to not just be adequately powerful to withstand the loads and stresses put on it but also have enough reserves to the limit. Subject to the part to be CNC machined, a not as powerful spindle of 11kW to 15Kw with a max torque of lower than 100 Nm could limit the machine’s abilities. Such machines may be affordable in the short run, in the longer view, not so much.

 

Suitable tool holding system
It must be checked that the tool holding systems utilized are either HSK or BBT to eradicate vibration. They must provide the best attachment between the tool holder and spindle under any machining conditions and at any time.

Ability to adapt cutting feed rate and conditions
Depending on machining requirements, there could be a need to keep a constant cutting feed rate velocity or varying it for different cutting conditions. In this context, a machine which can control each situation better to improve the cutting feed rate is needed.

High degree of machine tolerance and durability
To make sure that the machine tool offers high degrees of durability and tolerance considerations on how it is designed and constructed are needed.

The core component of the five-axis machining center is the numerical control system, so when maintaining the equipment, we must strengthen the maintenance of the numerical control system, otherwise long-term use will cause damage to the performance of electronic components, and the same is true for mechanical components, so We want to extend the service life of components and the wear cycle of components as much as possible to prevent various failures, so daily maintenance is very important. The five-axis machining center requires avoiding places with moisture, excessive dust and corrosive gases.

Avoid direct sunlight and other heat radiation, and precision CNC equipment should be kept away from equipment with large vibrations, such as punching machines, forging equipment, etc. The operating temperature of the equipment should be controlled between 15 degrees and 35 degrees. The precision processing temperature should be controlled at about 20 degrees, and the temperature fluctuation should be strictly controlled. In order to avoid the influence of the large fluctuation of the power supply (greater than plus or minus 10%) and possible instantaneous interference signals, the CNC equipment is generally powered by a dedicated line (such as a separate channel from the low-voltage power distribution room for the CNC machine tool), and a voltage stabilizer device is added. etc., can reduce the influence of power supply quality and electrical interference.

According to the characteristics of various components, determine your own maintenance procedures. If it is clearly stipulated which places need to be cleaned every day (such as cleaning the input and output units of the CNC system, checking whether the mechanical structure is well lubricated, etc.). Which parts should be regularly checked or replaced (such as DC servo motor brushes and commutators should be checked once a month). The doors of CNC cabinets and high-voltage cabinets should be opened as little as possible. Because the air in the machining workshop generally contains oil mist, dust and even metal powder. Once they fall on the printed circuit or electrical device in the numerical control system, it is easy to cause the insulation resistance between the components to drop, and even lead to the damage of the components and the printed circuit. In summer, some users will open the door of the CNC cabinet to dissipate heat in order to overload the CNC system for a long time. This is an inadvisable method that will eventually lead to accelerated damage to the CNC system. The correct method is to reduce the external ambient temperature of the CNC system.

Check whether each cooling fan on the cabinet of the five-axis machining center is working properly every day, and check whether the air duct filter is blocked every six months or quarterly depending on the working environment. If there is too much dust on the filter, it needs to be cleaned in time, otherwise the temperature in the CNC system cabinet will be too high (generally not allowed to exceed 55), causing an overheating alarm or the unreliable operation of the CNC system.

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